• Any adequate account of how micro-causality and quantum coherence can explain the emergent-property of spacetime and how the Wheeler-DeWitt problem of time can be solved must incorporate a theory of how the Lindblad master equation solves the Markov quantum fluctuation problem as well as showing how the quantum Jarzynski-Hatano-Sasa relation can be homologically defined globally for both, Minkowski space and Friedmann-Robertson-Walker generalized Cartan space-times. This is a step towards those goals. Consider a wave-function $\left| {{\psi _t}^{S,m,c}} \right\rangle$ and the entropic quantum entanglement relation of the total system consisting of 'S', 'm' and the quantum-time measuring clock 'c' subject to Heisenberg's UP. It follows then that the probability that any given initial state $\left| {\psi _t^{S,m,c}} \right\rangle$ evolves for a time $T$ that undergoes $N$ jumps during intervals $\delta t$ centered at times ${t_1},...,{t_N}$ is given by:

So, the master equation:

is valid iff the Markovian approximation is faithful and valid only on time-scales longer than $1/{\Gamma _1}$, hence the jump occurs during an interval $\delta t \sim 1/{\Gamma _1}$ centered on ${t_i}$. Therefore, with the Hamiltonian:

where $\left( {\hat a,\hat b} \right);\left( {{{\hat a}^\dagger },{{\hat b}^\dagger }} \right)$ are the lowering/raising operators for the system and output mode respectively, it follows that the total system satisfies the master equation:

where the Pauli operator ${\sigma _z}$ acts on the output mode and $L_s^L$ is the Liouville superoperator. Given that it is a linear equation, it has a solution given as:

and so the evolution of the density matrix ${\rho _t}$ is given by the Lindblad master equation:

• I will derive a crucial property of loop quantum cosmology it shares with string/M-theory and asymptotically free quantum gravity theory, namely, that the associated Wigner-Moyal-Groenewold operator-formalism entails that the Holst-Barbero-Immirzi 4-spinfold has the property of spacetime uncertainty that I derived for string/M-theory, an essential property if loop quantum gravity is to be a valid quantum gravity theory. As I showed, in 4-D spacetime, the general relativistic starting point for canonical loop quantum gravity is given by:

where the dynamical variables are the tetrad one-form fields:

and the $SL\left( {2,\mathbb{C}} \right)$-valued connection $\omega _\mu ^{IJ}$ whose curvature is:

and is a connection on the holonomy-flux algebra for a homogeneous isotropic Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker 'space'

Hence, we have the two-form:

with:

and ${\rm{Tr}}$ is the Killing form on the Lie algebra $SL\left( {2,\mathbb{C}} \right)$:

with

the totally antisymmetric tensor given by: