• Any adequate account of how micro-causality and quantum coherence can explain the emergent-property of spacetime and how the Wheeler-DeWitt problem of time can be solved must incorporate a theory of how the Lindblad master equation solves the Markov quantum fluctuation problem as well as showing how the quantum Jarzynski-Hatano-Sasa relation can be homologically defined globally for both, Minkowski space and Friedmann-Robertson-Walker generalized Cartan space-times. This is a step towards those goals. Consider a wave-function $\left| {{\psi _t}^{S,m,c}} \right\rangle$ and the entropic quantum entanglement relation of the total system consisting of 'S', 'm' and the quantum-time measuring clock 'c' subject to Heisenberg's UP. It follows then that the probability that any given initial state $\left| {\psi _t^{S,m,c}} \right\rangle$ evolves for a time $T$ that undergoes $N$ jumps during intervals $\delta t$ centered at times ${t_1},...,{t_N}$ is given by:

So, the master equation:

is valid iff the Markovian approximation is faithful and valid only on time-scales longer than $1/{\Gamma _1}$, hence the jump occurs during an interval $\delta t \sim 1/{\Gamma _1}$ centered on ${t_i}$. Therefore, with the Hamiltonian:

where $\left( {\hat a,\hat b} \right);\left( {{{\hat a}^\dagger },{{\hat b}^\dagger }} \right)$ are the lowering/raising operators for the system and output mode respectively, it follows that the total system satisfies the master equation:

where the Pauli operator ${\sigma _z}$ acts on the output mode and $L_s^L$ is the Liouville superoperator. Given that it is a linear equation, it has a solution given as:

and so the evolution of the density matrix ${\rho _t}$ is given by the Lindblad master equation:

• The cosmological primordial perturbations of the universe, implicitly defined by the Wheeler–DeWitt equation:

a partial differential equation determining a wave-function not defined in space or time or spacetime, with:

and $\psi$ satisfies an approximate Schrödinger equation:

are clearly quantum in origin. One of the central foundational philosophically pressing problems in physics is to describe a 'collapse' dynamics that explains the classical features consistent with astrophysical data. Given the 'no-time'-property of the Wheeler–DeWitt equation: namely, that it lacks an external time parameter and it lacks a first derivative with an imaginary Schrödinger time-factor, as well as its linearity and symmetrization, we face a deep conflict with the Lindblad equation:

given that its central properties are time-asymmetry and entanglement-entropic-irreversibility, and whose Lindbladian:

describes the non-unitary evolution of the density operator, with:

Besides the problem of the undefinability of the Lindbladian system-bath interaction:

and

in the quantum gravitational cosmology context: see Derivation of the Lindblad Equation for technical details, we already face the tripartite conflict of time